一 | 2024年4月26日，第十四届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第九次会议表决通过《中华人民共和国学位法》，自2025年1月1日起施行。学位制度是我国教育基本制度。 On Dharmendra’s 90th birth anniversary today, Hema Malini shared an emotional tribute to her late husband. She penned the note, expressing her grief, love and the difficult journey of rebuilding life without him. Dharmendra, the iconic star of Hindi cinema fondly remembered as Bollywood’s ‘He-Man’, passed away on November 24, 2025. This has left behind an irreplaceable void in both the industry and in the hearts of his family. Marking his birth anniversary, Hema Malini posted a deeply personal note on her social media accounts, admitting she remains “heartbroken” and is “slowly gathering up the pieces” as she navigates life after his loss. “Dharam ji, happy birthday my dear heart. More than two weeks have passed since you left me heartbroken, slowly gathering up the pieces and trying to reconstruct my life, knowing that you will always be with me in spirit,” she wrote. Dharam jiHappy birthday my dear heart❤️More than two weeks have passed since you left me heartbroken, slowly gathering up the pieces and trying to reconstruct my life, knowing that you will always be with me in spirit. The joyful memories of our life together can never be… pic.twitter.com/zY3QBJN0YE — Hema Malini (@dreamgirlhema) December 8, 2025 In the note, she reflected on their decades-long companionship. She reminisced by sharing how she cherishes the joyful memories that now bring her solace. Thanking God for their years together and their daughters, Esha and Ahana, Hema shared, “The joyful memories of our life together can never be erased… I thank God for our two beautiful girls, who reaffirm our love for each other.” She concluded her message with prayers for Dharmendra’s peace, honouring his humility and love for humanity. Recently, Hema Malini has also shared previously unseen family photographs featuring Dharmendra with their daughters. This has offered fans a glimpse into the family’s cherished moments. To honour Dharmendra’s legacy, the Deol family recently hosted a ‘Celebration of Life’ prayer meet in Mumbai. This meet was attended by stars of the industry, including Salman Khan, Madhuri Dixit, Rekha, Karan Johar, Akshay Kumar, and the Bachchan family.Also Read: Hema Malini Shares Why Dharmendra’s Funeral Was Kept Private。1980年制定的《中华人民共和国学位条例》是我国第一部教育法律，确立了我国学位制度，在促进高层次人才培养、推动高等教育事业和经济社会发展等方面发挥了重要作用。随着我国进入新发展阶段，学位条例已不能满足实践需求，需要修改完善。在学位条例基础上制定学位法，是自1981年1月1日学位条例实施以来的第一次全面修订，是学位工作和教育法治建设的一项重大成果，意义重大、影响深远。学位法共7章45条，全面总结了学位条例实施以来学位工作改革发展的成果和经验，有针对性地破解学位工作中存在的问题，系统构建了中国特色的学位法律制度。一是强调学位工作坚持中国共产党的领导，全面贯彻国家的教育方针，践行社会主义核心价值观，落实立德树人根本任务，明确学位工作应当遵循教育规律，坚持公平、公正、公开，坚持学术自由与学术规范相统一的基本原则。二是在坚持学士、硕士、博士三级学位的基础上，明确学位包括学术学位、专业学位等类型，把实践探索的专业学位写入法律，并为未来探索新的学位类型留下制度空间。同时，在学位授予条件中，区别学术学位和专业学位，明确不同的要求。三是完善学位工作体制，规定国务院学位委员会、省级学位委员会、学位授予单位学位评定委员会的设置及职责，明确国务院学位委员会在国务院教育行政部门设立办事机构，明确国务院教育行政部门负责全国学位管理有关工作、省级人民政府教育行政部门负责本行政区域学位管理有关工作。四是明确学位授予资格取得的条件和审批的主体、程序，并规定硕士、博士学位授予点自主审核制度，扩大学位授予单位自主权。同时，强调国家的宏观调控，授权国务院学位委员会对相关学科授予点的设置、布局和学位授予另行规定条件和程序，突出加强基础学科、新兴学科、交叉学科建设和服务国家重大战略需求的导向。五是规定学位授予的条件和程序，授权学位授予单位根据法律规定的条件，制定本单位学位授予具体标准。
二 | 强调学位授予单位制定学位授予具体标准时应当坚持科学的评价导向并充分听取相关方面意见。在附则中对境外个人申请学位、学位授予单位在境外授予学位、境外教育机构在境内授予学位等作了相应规定。六是构建学位质量保障体系，突出学位授予单位全过程质量管理，明确研究生导师的条件、职责和对研究生的要求。加强外部监督，规定国务院教育行政部门和省级学位委员会对学位授予单位、学位授予点进行质量评估的职责。明确法律责任，对不能保证所授学位质量的，责令限期整改；情节严重的，撤销相应的学位授予资格；学位申请人、学位获得者有学术不端等情形的，经学位评定委员会决议，不授予学位或者撤销学位。同时，规定学术复核、学位复核等争议解决机制和权益救济途径。下一步，国务院学位委员会、教育部将采取多种措施加强学位法的学习宣传和贯彻落实，以法律实施的成效推动提高人才自主培养质量、促进创新发展，建设教育强国、科技强国、人才强国，服务全面建设社会主义现代化国家。
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